Training & periodisatie van de oude grieken?

[chrisk]

Ik vind het belang van het fysieke uiterlijk en het gebruik van krachttraining voor de olympische spelen en voor militaire doeleinden van die tijd erg interessant.

Sommige beelden uit die tijd hebben ook best een aardig streeffysiek.

[Link niet meer beschikbaar]

http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2010/2056885389_71de44702e.jpg (no homo)

En toen kwam ik dit tegen:

Over 2000 years ago, the ancient Greeks were the first to use periodization training, although their periodization plans were very simple (they simply increased their total training load over time, using heavier and heavier weights and resistances, for example, to train strength athletes who were preparing for the Olympic Games).

Klik om te verkleinen...

Dat klinkt toch wel interessant.

Ik heb bijvoorbeeld al wel gelezen dat ene Philostratus maar ook Pythagoras het een en ander geschreven hebben over trainen, zelfs handboeken voor olympische coaches. Maar ik kan nog weinig details vinden en al helemaal niks origineels uit die klassieke teksten.

Wel anecdotes zoals

Many Greek trainers railed against the debilitating effects of coïtus during the Olympics. In the sole surviving training manual--Handbook for a Sports Coach by Philostratus--the author indicates that athletes should sleep with flattened leather plates over their loins and suggests special workouts for those plagued by "habitual nightly emissions."

Klik om te verkleinen...

Weet iemand hier meer van of heeft iemand een goede bron met details hierover? (over het trainen, niet over die nightly emissions)

Klik om meer te lezen...

 

[Stephen Graham]

Interessant, srs. Weet er niks over. Wil er wel meer over weten.

 

[roeierd]

[STATS]

Great attention was paid to the training of the athletae. They were generally trained in the palaestrae, which, in the Grecian states, were distinct places from the gymnasia, though they have been frequently confounded by modern writers. [ PALAESTRA.] Their exercises were superintended by the gymnasiarch, and their diet was regulated by the aliptes According to Pausanias, the athletae did not anciently eat meat, but principally lived upon fresh cheese (turon ektwn talarwn); and Diogenes Laërtius informs us that their original diet consisted of dried figs, moist or new cheese (turoi), and wheat (puroi). The eating of meat by the athletae is said, according to some writers (Paus.), to have been first introduced by Dromeus of Stymphalus, in Arcadia; and, according to to others, by the philosopher Pythagoras, or by an aliptes of that name (Diog. Laërt.). According to Galen (De Val. Tuend.), the athletae, who practised the severe exercises barei, ate pork and a particular kind of bread; and from a remark of Diogenes the Cynic (Diog. Laërt. ), it would appear that in his time beef and pork formed the ordinary diet of the athletae. Beef is also mentioned by Plato (De Rep. ) as the food of the athletae; and a writer quoted by Athenaeus (ix. p402c-d) relates that a Theban who lived upon goats' flesh became so strong, that he was enabled to overcome all the athletae of his time. At the end of the exercises of each day, the athletae were obliged to take a certain quantity of food, which was usually called anagkofagia and anagkotrofia, or biaioj trofhj (Arist. Pol. ); after which, they were accustomed to sleep for a long while. The quantity of animal food which some celebrated athletae, such as Milo, Theagenes, and Astydamas, are said to have eaten, appears to us quite incredible . The food which they ate was usually dry, and is called by Juvenal coliphia. William Smith, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

Klik om te verkleinen...

[/STATS]
[STATS]

It is an admitted principle that gymnastic exercises should be employed in education, and that for children they should be of a lighter kind, avoiding severe diet or painful toil, lest the growth of the body be impaired. The evil of excessive training in early years is strikingly proved by the example of the Olympic victors; for not more than two or three of them have gained a prize both as boys and as men; their early training and severe gymnastic exercises exhausted their constitutions. When boyhood is over, three years should be spent in other studies; the period of life which follows may then be devoted to exercise and strict diet. Men ought not to labor at the same time with their minds and with their bodies; for the two kinds of labor are opposed to one another; the labor of the body impedes the mind, and the labor of the mind the body.
Aristotle, Politics, Bk. 8, 1338b–1339a

Klik om te verkleinen...

[/STATS]

[STATS]

NON-SPECIFIC TRAINING

One of the ways athletes stayed in condition was through daily life. As everything was done by hand, the amount of physical work that was accomplished by an athlete in addition to his training generally served as an excellent off-season conditioning program. Many athletes who competed in various events such as any of the fighting contests, races including the chariot race, or the javelin throw, were active members of the military and much of their training was combative in nature. The hoplitodromos was a foot race in which the contests wore armor consisting of a helmet, greaves and a shield.

Training and Education

In the course of training, while an athlete would spend a great deal of time training the body, usually through bodyweight exercises and acrobatics, time was also spent training the mind. A palaestra, or ancient Greek wrestling school, in addition to rooms featuring equipment like heavy bags, also featured rooms for education where the youths were taught the Greek ideals as part of an all-around education. The concept of "mind, body and spirit" was not just a slogan to the ancient athletes, it was a way of life.

Klik om te verkleinen...

[/STATS]

Inderdaad interessant, heb al wat gegoogled maar kon niet echt veel vinden. Wel vet dat ze ook toen al bezig waren met het trainen van hun lichaam.

[Link niet meer beschikbaar]
http://www.livestrong.com/article/349071-ancient-greek-athletic-training/

 

[chrisk]

Nog iets gevonden:

http://www.rhinofitness.ca/articles/article_periodization.html#philostratus

Spoiler

Planning exercise can be recorded back to Philostratus, an ancient Greek scholar who wrote about the "Tetra" or "Tetrad" system; a four day cycle consisting of (days) 1) short and energetic 2) Intensive exercise 3) Recovery 4) Moderate exercise (see graph below). Philostratus also questioned an over dependence on this system: "While the gymnastes (the coaches) are following this fixed routine of the tetrad, they pay no attention to the condition of the athlete they are training, even though he is being harmed by his food, his wine, the secret snacks he eats, mental strain and fatigue. ... How can we train by a schedule of tetrads?" -(Philostratus Gymnasticus)

So while it was noted that a training plan included easy, moderate, hard, and rest days, it was also noted that the application of this plan should be dependent on the daily condition of the athlete, and that stresses other than exercise alone must be considered when implementing effective exercise. Philostratus also recommended a variety of exercises including running, weight lifting, balance training, and flexibility training. In essence, Philostratus wrote about what the modern interpretation of Periodization entails. Take note; if someone claims to have "the latest" secret training methods, chances are they are merely an opportunist. As can be seen in the writings of Philostratus, the accent Greeks had the same challenges and training fads that we witness today. Physical training really has not changed that much in 2000 years namely because humans haven't changed much (biologically), but the ability to accurately measure the effects of training has improved significantly allowing us to determine the duration and intensity of individuals training with greater precision.

 

[Doef]

Ik heb ook eens gelezen dat die Griekse krijgers overdag bijna niets aten en zich 's avonds helemaal vol aten. Er schijnt ook een bodybuilder van nu te zijn die daar een dieet op gebaseerd heeft genaamd het krijgerdieët.

 

[Peanuthead95]

Net nog stukje over gelezen in Supertraining. Laat al zien hoe ontwikkeld zij waren (of hoe erg wij achterlopen.. het is maar hoe je het bekijkt)