The political atmosphere was complex, involving various factions, including the National Front and the communist-influenced Tudeh Party. Mossadegh's government faced challenges both from within, as divisions emerged among supporters, and from external forces, particularly Britain and the United States, which opposed nationalization. The situation escalated to a crisis, culminating in a coup d'état in 1953, orchestrated with U.S. involvement, that ultimately restored the Shah’s power and reversed the nationalization policies.