The religion of the Yazidis is a highly
syncretistic one:
Sufi influence and imagery can be seen in their religious vocabulary, especially in the terminology of their esoteric literature,
but much of the mythology is non-Islamic,
and their cosmogonies apparently have many points in common with those of ancient Persian religions. Early writers attempted to describe Yazidi origins, broadly speaking, in terms of
Islam, or Persian, or sometimes even
pagan religions; however, publications since the 1990s have shown such an approach to be over-simplistic.
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The origin of the Yazidi religion is now usually seen by scholars as a complex process of syncretism, whereby the belief-system and practices of a local faith had a profound influence on the religiosity of adherents of the Adawiyya Sufi order living in the Kurdish mountains, and caused it to deviate from Islamic norms relatively soon after the death of its founder,
Sheikh Adî ibn Mustafa who is said to be of
Umayyad descent. He settled in the valley of Laliş (some thirty-six miles north-east of Mosul) in the early 12th century AD. Shaeikh Adî himself, a figure of undoubted orthodoxy, enjoyed widespread influence. He died in 1162, and his tomb at Lalish is a focal point of Yazidi pilgrimage. During the fourteenth century, important Kurdish tribes whose sphere of influence stretched well into what is now Turkey (including, for a period, the rulers of the principality of Jazira) are cited in historical sources as Yazidi.